1. Emphasizes on the setting up of an effective framework, which encourages transparency and an inclusive approach for all member nations to share research and development, contribute to space technology development and share benefits from the ultimate colonization of Mars:
a. UN with its members will develop working groups to take into account the contributions made and concerns on the colonization of Mars, in particular those of developing countries,
b. Member States that have not yet become parties to the international treaties governing the uses of outer space to give consideration to ratifying or acceding to those treaties in accordance with their national law, as well as incorporating them into their national legislation,
c. Member States, in particular those with major space capabilities, to contribute actively to the promotion of international cooperation in the exploration of Mars and use of outer space for peaceful purposes for economic, social and scientific development, in particular for the benefit of developing countries;
2. Supports the development of Exclusive Economic Zones :
a. When the colonization mission lands in Mars, they may occupy a plot of land based on what is reasonable for productive use. It may be best for the size to be established before colonization begins, in order to mitigate future conflicts and disputes,
b. This initial colony size may subsequently be expanded based on requirement and mutual colony agreement,
c. The colonists will land, occupy, and establish governance on the land, but will not make any formal sovereign claims,
d. This exclusive economic zone governed by the colony will be centered on the station, where the host nation’s laws apply. They will have exclusive rights to all resources within their colony,
e. Other settlers may land and even occupy land within another colony, but they will have no economic rights to access the resources;
3. Suggests the formation of the Mars Secretariat to provide a check on any Earth-based institutions gaining significant power or influence on Mars :
a. Our suggested model includes no centralized powerful Mars authority,
b. Each colony will develop its own exclusive governance within the requirements of existing space law and will retain its own authority in resolving conflicts of the planet,
c. The authority to make and amend communal Mars agreements and negotiations will be the sole prerogative of the colonies currently occupying Mars,
d. We expect that any countries or corporations that possess the capital, technology, and initiative to colonize Mars will also resist being subject to an outside power with significant strength,
e. To this end, we propose not a strong central power, but a weaker administrative body. This body would be responsible for facilitating communication between the colonies, mediating conflicts and disputes, and serving as a repository for legal documents,
f. The Secretariat would be established strictly in a subservient role to the colonies of Mars,
g. To support this goal, and in order to pay for this administrative body, we suggest the colonies alone contribute either funds or members to support the administration of the Secretariat,
h. This organization of the Secretariat would not threaten the power of any of the colonies or their main countries, and it would also keep the occurrence of meaningless conflicts and problems of the colonists low, by facilitating communication and clarifying policy;
4. Encourages all the member countries of the COPOUS to contribute funds necessary for carrying out research, and development of technologies to overcome the limitation of inhabitation on Mars:
a. Member nations must provide COPOUS with 2% of their GDP annually, this is seen in the light of a member’s ability to provide funding based on its potential to fund and hence no fixed amount of funding shall be imposed on any member;
5. Recommends a multilateral agreement that addresses matters relating to the minerals and other natural resources on Mars. That is, the member states need to agree to:
a. Protect the Martian environment and its dependent and associated ecosystems,
b. Respect other legitimate uses of Mars,
c. Respect and preserve Mars’s scientific value and aesthetic and rugged qualities,
d. Ensure the safety of operations on Mars,
e. Promote opportunities for fair and effective participation of all Parties, and
f. consider the interests of the international community as a whole;
6. Reiterates that no activity relating to the Mars minerals and other natural resources should take place until it is judged, based upon assessment of its possible impacts on the Mars environment and on dependent and associated ecosystems for future generations, that the activity in question would not
a. significant adverse effects on water quality,
b. significant changes in atmospheric, marine and terrestrial environments,
c. significant changes in the distribution or productivity of any organic life forms including the removal of a water fossil or specimens of earlier or present evolutionary activity,
d. any jeopardy to water supplies and human life as a result of environmental pollution, or
e. degradation of, or substantial risk to, areas of special biological, scientific,
7. Suggests measures to counter the harsh conditions on Mars and make it habitable:
a. By extracting water from underground supplies, and using that to generate breathable air and rocket fuel,
b. Once the risk of suffocation or dying of dehydration as been reduced, the colonists need to consider food sources and produce their own food. Care packages could be shipped from Earth, but that’s going to be very expensive. Interestingly, Martian soil, although toxic, can be used to grow plants once it is supplemented and some of the harsher chemicals removed. NASA’s extensive experience in hydroponics will help,
c. Finally, to take things to the next level, humanity could make a few planetary renovations. Basically, Mars itself could change through the process of terraforming. To do this, the release of megatons of greenhouse gasses is needed to warm the planet and unleashing the frozen water reserves. Possibly crash a few hundred comets into the planet to deliver water and other chemicals too,
d. The technology required to do all this is within our current means, and the process could restore Mars to a place where we could live on it even without a spacesuit;
8. Calls for the Collaboration of NASA, Space X, Mars One :
a. To advance commercial space-related efforts by facilitating access to their vast spaceflight resources including technical expertise, assessments, lessons learned, and data so that the emerging products or services are commercially available to government and non-government customers,
b. To minimize safety risks, increase cost efficiency and minimize time wastage. To help conduct space activities for peaceful purposes and the use of space science and technology and their applications towards the achievement of the internationally agreed Sustainable Development Goals;
9. Calls for the creation of education facilities for minors and specifically designed workshops to help colonists to successfully adapt to the environment and tackle unexpected emergencies,
10. Encourages the UN to provide the expedition to Mars with either UNPKF or some form of military support incase of any unexpected violent interaction with extra terrestrial life forms and for the safety of the colonists.
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