Concepts of Leadership and Management
Leadership could be seen as the process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing its goals (Hughes et al., 2006). In businesses such as Mamus business enterprise leadership and management is an approach which influences the quality of services been render to consumers. Besides that, this enterprise also motivates their staffs through the implementation of effective plans, direction on duties to be carried out on daily basis so as achieve specific goals within the business functions. Martin Luther king’s is an example of leader who has motivated people on unity within the society. Besides, good leadership style in an organisation influences the level of motivation while human motivation is influenced by changing ambition within a firm through the use of good leadership approaches and management practice.
One of the concepts of leadership/management within this business is to ensure all staffs are well guided and motivated in the aspects of their various task so as to accomplish great achievement on the organisation goals and their mission. Staffs new within this business are also get assisted in getting use to their new environment and as a leader/manager it’s their responsibility to carry out the duties in showing them around, letting them to know their duties which is expected to be carried out on each department, details of work specification is also explained and discussed staffs so as to ensure each task are well understood for effective outcome.
Secondly, as a team leader its of duty to ensure all appointed tasks are monitored, properly supervised and accomplished, but the first step I will be taking, will be to call for a meeting with the staffs, explains the purpose of the task, get their opinions and feedbacks so as to help achieve effective positive result and also, train them as team in order to make good camaraderie because motivating staffs as a team is an essential part of a leaders role and as a team leader is expected of me to motivate staffs so that each person perform well individually and as a team. Management on the other hand deals with effective planning, organising of tasks, coordinating the efforts of people to accomplish goals/objective through the use of available resource efficiently. Besides, any leadership without good management within the function of business could always lead to a negative outcome but when there is a good management direction and vision, staffs are been able to follow the part which will result to positive outcome. So therefore, this is to say that, the approach of leadership is a process that governs achievement of goal while management is an approach which direct and control things to work out for effective result.
Management and Leadership Theories
A management/leadership theory is an approach to business which focuses on the qualities that differentiate between leaders and followers within an organisation.
i.) Path- goal theory: In Mamus business enterprise, path-goal theory shows how a leader inspires their subordinates to accomplish certain goals and objective for effective outcome. Through the use of this approach, staffs can also be motivated through team spirit achieve goal/objective. And goal is to increase the employee’s inspiration , empowerment and satisfaction so that employees can be more productive member in the business and through the basic step such as determining of employee and environmental characteristic, choosing of leadership style and focus on inspirational factor which help employee succeed is also early managed and applied within the business for effective outcome.
ii.) Contingency theory: Is a management and leadership theory is a class of behavioural theory which believes there is no one best way of organising or leading but rather the appropriate form depends on the kind of task or the environment one is dealing with. So therefore, success is based on the kind of leadership style been applied, the nature of team and the kind of situation one is dealing with. For instances in a situation whereby Mamus enterprise are short of staffs in the department of packaging and supplying to customers, as a team leader I can applied the approach of the democratic style of leadership which a process that deals with group decision making within an organization like the trust for instance they receive and respond with cooperation, team spirit and high morale.
Challenges of Leadership and Management Practice
Leadership and management constantly present challenges both to the leader’s abilities and to her as a person especially has things changes without successful leaders/managers business could become unproductive because change itself brings challenges and no matter how good a leader his him/her can’t stop change from happening but how a leader handles those challenges will define him/her as a leader within an organisation function. Some of the challenges manager’s encounters are as follow:
I.) Communication: is one of most common challenges leaders experience within the function of business. And as a leader it’s expected of them to possess an effective communication skills in order to convey effective information to their subordinates so as to achieve effective result in turns besides of that communication is an important skills needed to be cultivated by all leaders in order to function effectively within an organisation, it is also one of the most decisive skills majority of business look into when hiring a managers for a post, because it’s a management process through which an organisation engages with various audiences which is also a process whereby followers are motivated/engaged in accomplishment of their goals. Communication skills are an Example of a Trait approach theories for leadership that believes in certain qualities and personality characteristics of a good leader.
ii.) Planning skills: is also another challenge leaders/managers encountered within the function of business. this process involves certain assumptions which could influence the future of an organisation, it is an excellent and necessary skills all leaders/managers are expected to have in order to focus more strategically towards good achievement of various goals such as considering of task/objectives, keeping groups together in the sharing of ideas towards accomplishment of setting mission within a firm.
iii.) Team work: collaborative working by groups is one of most effective ways leaders/managers can be able to achieve positive goal through coordinated effort. In most cases managers found this approach very challenging in pairing different personality together to build-up a team-work in order for them to work hand in hand towards reaching a collective goals and using their own individual initiative skills.
iv.) Trust and respects in team: establishment of assurance and respect is expected of all managers’ within their team because it will help to build positive result on goals. According to Patrick Lencioni in “The Five Dysfunctions of a Team,” “Trust lies at the heart of a functioning cohesive team. Without it, teamwork will be impossible.” Trust within leader’s/manager’s and team member’s means that they are willing to be open and honest with one another, share their information (ideas), weaknesses and mistakes and accepting constructive feedback. Trust is built through open continuous communication which allows team work to be more open minded on information that could be meaningful to the goals of an organization and team could be able to ask question without fear of punishment. It makes communication easy with one another which help build strong relationship between leaders/managers as well as their subordinates.
Task 2: How to Improve Motivation and Performance through relevant leadership skills
Key Motivational Theories And How they Influence Organisational success
Motivation is psychological factors that inspire employees/people in accomplishing certain goals within the workplace environment, i.e. to say it is a drives (conscious/subconscious) that compels one to act because human behaviour is directed toward some goals in life. Below are some of the main motivational theories which provide leaders and managers useful foundation to help organisation function effectively.
i.) Maslow’s hierarchy theory: Is a theory which believes unquestionable lower factors need to be pleased before higher needs can be pleased i.e. employees (human beings) needs to fulfil their needs in a smaller categories before fulfilling the needs in a bigger categories. Besides of that, leader’s/manager’s are also expected to know the various types of approaches on how to inspire staffs, this is because once a staffs are satisfied within the bottom of hierarchy they are more inspire to achieve more at a higher level of needs and once that needs are melt it become more easier for staffs to achieve their objective being aimed for the business to function effectively. An example of some of these factors according to the Maslow (BPP2010) are the physiological, survival, social need factor, safety and self actualization attainment on individual goals. This theory has been applied in many business organizations. For example Mamus business enterprise uses this theory in motivating each employee by creating room for lunch breaks, pep talk, rewarding hard work and excellent result, providing safe working environment and reinforcing team dynamics etc.
ii.) Herzberg (two-factor or dual) theory: is a theory that deals with the attitude of workers and the basic needs of individual which are the motivators (factors of satisfaction) and hygiene (factors of dissatisfaction). Motivator’s are factors which contributes effective satisfaction within the workplace if present but it does not lower the satisfaction level between staffs if not present either. These factors were also identified by Herzberg as the concept of job enrichment, whereby the responsibilities of a job are changed to provide greater growth and challenge (McCoy, 1992). While the hygiene factors if absent from a workplace could lead to dissatisfaction within business function.
Performance Management Techniques as Organisational Processes.
Performance of management is an approach which involves all activities goals within the function of business. Managers can also use this method in the testing of their employees working status on a daily basis through examining each employee’s performances knowing their strength and weakness.
i.) Regular feedbacks: are also another approach manager’s uses to check on their employees to keep them updated in their various aspects of work. This process also enables manager’s creates effective support for staffs that need more improvement on their various duties.
ii.) Support plan also helps managers to set out their aims and then secures the support which is needed to achieve them. Through this process managers are also been to know the strengths/weakness and assessment system which allow them to indicate the support their employee need to improve their performance within the work place.
iii.) Identification of actions requires like action plan is a method that will managers/leaders to be able to create effective ideas and decide the important step needed to achieve effective quality goals and objectives within a specific task.
Task 3: Role of Leadership/Management in Employee Motivation
It’s the role of manager/leader to ensure employees are motivated to do their best and they also are expected to lead by examples. Below are some examples of how leaders/manager motivates employee:
I.) Understanding what inspires staffs: As a leader/manager it’s of important to know what exactly motivates your staffs in the business because motivating the employee is an essential part of the leader’s role and the leader must motivate the employee so that each person performs well individually. Some employees could be motivated by simple praise or gifs. For example Clark’s shoes organization motivates their employees through reward like staff discount and some other firm also motivates their employees through rewards on holiday trip, group work etc. Business like the McDonalds motivates their staffs through task performances in the serving of customers and customers are also motivated in various ways like rewards on voucher on burger, fries and the satisfying of services in meeting their needs are also success of motivating customers through coordinated manner which are the desire for psychological growth and development within the practice of management/employees in businesses.
ii.) Combine work goal with employee goals: Leader/managers are also expected to make sure work goals align with their employee work goals. Employee should be able to know their responsibility and what is required of them but in a situation whereby the standard are not being met by an employee’s managers will be unhappy due inefficiency so as will the staffs or employee feel bad about it, not been able to meet up to the manager expectation. So therefore, is expected manager must have effective plan and good communication with their employee so as to avoid negative result.
iii.) Equal treatment: fairness is also another aspect of inspiring staffs to put in their best to work as a group or individually so as to produce effective result. PC World for instance is an example of organisation that motivates their employees and their customers on equal treatment through training, groups work and the satisfaction of human needs in meeting of wants on products or repairs as expected. Individual employee motivation and leadership/management is also seen as the level of needs which are best seen as the hierarchy within most basic need of management, lower to higher level of satisfaction, combination of fulfilling needs and expectations from workers and needs for balance.
Task 4: Development and Effectiveness of Team
Analysis on Development of Teams
Team development according the business dictionary is an “Enhancement of the effectiveness of work groups, by improving goal- and role-clarification and interpersonal processes”. This can also been seen as a process that is designed to help members of staffs (team) find ways to improve their performances and effectiveness as well as making things easier and systematic for them to achieve the goals successfully to a task been given to them. Below are some examples of team development which build up effective organisation.
Team leadership: is a process which depends on leadership-competencies, therefore leader’s is expected put their interest on the goals, build up staff’s’ confidence and also ensures a collaborative climate, set priorities, demonstrate sufficient and show enough “know-how” towards ruling his team.
Team member: Groups or work teams is a primary tools used by manager’s/ to enable them reach the goals and objectives of a firm. Due to this, it’s of high expected each members of staffs possess effective qualities so as to make the team successful on their task. Team-members are also seen as action oriented in solving problem because ideas are usually shared between them so as to provide solution problems when needed and they ensure effective work is been carryout to the task demanded within the business function.
Team relationship: every team wants to be successful and for such to happen good relationship among team must be established through effective communication which they can be use to give and receive feedback within individual staff’s.
Team problem solving: An effective team usually depends on how focused and clear the goals and mission of a team is. Therefore it’s expected of all team to focus on the goals which will resolve with relaxed comfortable and open environment.
Organisational environment: This is a set of forces which surrounds an organisation which have the potential to affect the way it operates and its access to scare resources. So therefore it important the environment is safe for staffs to be able to carry out their duties.
Roles and models of Team Leadership
Team leadership is the management of a groups of people brought together to work in order to reach a common goal. Besides that, an effective leader is expected to know his team members strengths, weakness and motivations in order to be able to manage his/her team effectives so as to accomplished positive result. The role of team leader include to be able to organised joint project or some form of exchange of ideas between members of the teams and as leader it’s expected to work together because two or more heads are better one.
Firstly, team leader develops a strategy teams members are expected to use so as to reach its goals, they provide any training that is needed for team members to be well informed in various approach to achieve good outcome on tasks, they also ensure they communicate clear instruction to team members and they listen to team member’s feedback. Besides, its important members of a team are of same ideas so as to avoid some problems, so therefore when there is good communication level among team.
Secondly, team leadership monitor his/her team members participation so as to ensure the training been provide is being put into use and to also see if any additional training is needed to support the team. Team leader manage the flow of day to day operation for effective running of business.
Roles and Usefulness of Teams within the Organisation
The primary benefit of teamwork is a process which allows businesses to achieve something that an individual working alone cannot accomplish within a specific time. Besides as a leader in an organisation, it’s expected of me to design and co-responds task for various teams to do with one aim so as achieve effective result.
Good Teamwork always lead to positive result and this enables managers/leaders to able to put their resource in a productive ways so as to produce richer ideas that will boost the business function and through higher efficiency arises especially as team combine their effort individuals.
Teamwork also create a greater superior work experience for staff’s and this inspires bigger performance and also bring out the best in them through correlative support because through this, they can also receive assistance and ideas as they work on their task been given to them.
CONCLUSION
Applying the use of effective leadership and management style within an organisation brings out the best of experiences from employees in meeting goals. Some leaders are strict with their staff and like to be in complete control whilst others are more anxiety free and allow workers the freedom to run their own working lives.
REFERENCES
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