Community belonging and HIV-related stigma

1. Introduction According to AVERT, “South Africa has the biggest and most high profile HIV epidemic in the world, with an estimated 7.2 million people living with HIV in 2017” (AVERT 2018). South Africa accounts for a third of all new HIV-infections in southern Africa and the year 2017 counted 270,000 new HIV-infections. That year … Read more

Employee Burn Out: The Conceptual Understanding

1.1 Background Information The success of any organization is dependent on human resources – neither money, nor technology or infrastructure can deliver excellence without the requisite human resource bank. Nor money buy human resources – for this is one resource which develops and appreciates over time, while other resources depreciate. Thus, it is being realized … Read more

Social distancing and impacts on social isolation

The presentation on social distancing and impacts on social isolation discusses the policy recommendation that the households with four individuals or less must have the option to associate with another particular household once every week. It must be a similar household that they are interfacing with every week and not surpass a total of eight … Read more

Relationship between burnout, perceived competence & self-efficacy

The current study seeks to establish whether there exists a relationship between burnout, perceived competence and self-efficacy among young adults. There have been several studies done around similar constructs. The study’s goal was to look into academic burnout in university students with varying levels of self-efficacy. Academic burnout and self-efficacy questionnaires were completed by 120 … Read more

Impact of Coronavirus on sport

As the number of confirmed coronavirus cases worldwide has skyrocketed, major sporting events have been canceled or postponed. The majority of competitive recreational sports at all levels are hanging in suspension. Many individuals (athletic and nonathletic) are not able to actively participate in their regular individual or group sporting or physical activities outside of their … Read more

Four models of addiction (Biological, Disease, Family and Moral Model)

In counseling others who are struggling with addiction, it is important to have an understanding how why and how they became addicted. There are various theoretical models that explain the underlying factors that lead to addiction, therefore it is difficult to only choose one single theory to best explain it. For many counselors, integrating different … Read more

The stigma surrounding mental illness

Mental illness is defined as a health problem resulting from complex interactions between an individual’s mind, body and environment which can significantly affect their behavior, actions and thought processes. A variety of mental illnesses exist, impacting the body and mind differently, whilst affecting the individual’s mental, social and physical wellbeing to varying degrees. A range … Read more

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) new diagnostic criteria

Abstract Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is becoming a more common diagnosis due to increasing risk factors related to obesity, sedentary behavior, and pregnancy with type 2 diabetes. GDM is currently defined as diabetes diagnosed during the second trimester. Controversy surrounds GDM screening and diagnosing due to changes in the diagnostic criteria guidelines; such as testing … Read more

Cholesterol

Cholesterol, the most prominent family member of the sterols, is originally discovered as a major component in human gallstones by F. Pouletier de la Salle in 1769. M.E. Chevreul named the organic molecule “cholesterine” (chole for bile, stereos for solid) in 1815, later adjusted with the chemical suffix of –ol for the alcohol component [REF … Read more

Dental implications of eating disorders

Eating disorders are a type of psychological disorder characterised by abnormal or unhealthy eating habits, usually linked with restrictive food intake . The cause of onset cannot be linked to one reason alone as it is believed that there are multiple contributing factors, including biological, sociocultural and psychological influences. The sociocultural influences are linked with … Read more

Impact of social media on teenage mental health

How long do you stay on your phone surfing through social media? Teens who spend more than 2 hours per day on any social networking platform are significantly more likely to have mental health problems resulting in suicidal ideation (Gramigna, 2020). Although some may argue that suicidal behaviors vary in gender, where one resides, and … Read more

Do some illicit drugs have medical benefits?

INTRODUCTION For generations, we have been taught that illicit drugs are bad for you. Almost every physician will recommend avoiding use of illicit drugs because it can lead to long term health problems, drug abuse, and drug addiction. Illicit drug use can ruin a life in such a short amount of time. Although illicit drugs … Read more

Gastrointestinal organs and accessory organs

Explain the function of each part of the digestive system identified in the diagram above? Digestive system The digestive system is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy and nutrients to feed the entire body. Food passes through a long tube inside the body known as gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract … Read more