CHALLENGES FACING FEMALE HEADTEACHERS IN MANAGEMENT OF TEACHING IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL – KONDOA DISTRICT.
Abstract:
This study will focus on identify the challenges facing female head teachers in the management of teaching in public secondary schools in Kondoa district. The study is important because it will inform all the stakeholders in education including parents, district and regional educational officers and ministry of education and vocational training on gender issue and specific to the challenges faced by female head teachers. The ministry of education may be better prepared to implement training and programme for female headteachers. The study will use qualitative approach and the case study design of the selected public secondary schools in Kondoa district. I will use purposeful sampling and snowball sampling to get the sample size required. Sample size will be known at the end of study. I will collect data using interview guide, documents review and through observation methods. Content analysis will be used in analyzing data.
Chapter One
Introduction and Background to the Problem
1.1:Introduction
The study will focus on challenges facing female head teachers in management of teaching in public secondary schools because they are leaders or managers who play an important role in school. They are the one who will uplift the standard of school or pushdown the standard due to the good or bad management of school (Graffin,o2001). In similar way the female head teachers, they have another role as mothers of their family at home. In this case, female head teachers have dual responsibilities which are the major challenges (Khumal,2006). Therefore in this chapter I will focus on the background of this study or problem, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, objective of the study, research questions, definitions of terms, delimitation of the study, limitation of the study and the significance.
1.2:Background to the Problem
The study on challenges facing female head teachers were observed by various researchers in the way similar to some concepts with the study. Under this section I am going to review various researchers globally, in Africa and Tanzania where the study is going to be conducted.
1.2.1:Globally
Several studies over the world, showed that female head teachers are often faced with societal demands and traditions that males do not face. Those included housework, marriage, children and negative attitudes towards females who become principles. The study conducted in Turkey on principles leadership and gender revealed (Griftin, 2001).Other studies in USA by Hoft and Mitchell(2008) revealed that women in leadership are faced with dilemma of balancing the societal expectations of women regarding their family responsibilities with that of leadership at work place.
1.2.2:In Africa
Nkumalo (2006), conducted studies in South Africa on “Challenges face by women as school managers in Wainbaths area”. The study showed that the challenges faced by female managers that hinder them from achieving true equality in relation to their males colleagues could be divided into three categories,those challenges within the school and those within those within the person herself.
Kamau (2004), conducted study on the probem faced by female head teachers in dminstration of secondary school in Thika district, Kenya.The study found that sex roles stereotyping, insecurity in schools, roles as well as personal barriers are major challenges faced by female headteachers in the administration of secondary.
1.2.3: In Tanzania
Omboko, F and Oyoo, S.(2011), showed that female headteachers faced a lot of challenges because of their gender including rejection, threats and discrimination and in additional needed demands of administration and their roles as wives and mothers were major challenges to be encounters for effective performance.
From the findings of the above studies, sex role stereotyping, cultural traditions, negative perception from teachers to female head teachers, dual responsibilities of motherhood and school manager are major challenges faced by female principles in management of secondary schools. The studies reviewed here were conducted in Turkey, USA, South Africa, Thika- Kenya and Dar-es-Salaam-Tanzania, however there is no any study conducted on Challenges facing female head teachers in the management of teaching in public secondary school in Kondoa district.